Towing a Subaru behind an RV is often complicated due to its Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, requiring specific methods and careful consideration.
Hitting the open road in your RV brings a wonderful sense of freedom. Many folks like to bring a smaller vehicle along for local excursions once they’ve set up camp. It’s a smart way to explore without unhooking your whole rig.
But when that smaller vehicle is a Subaru, things get a bit more nuanced. Let’s talk about what makes towing a Subaru a unique challenge and how to do it right.
Understanding Subaru’s Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD)
Subaru vehicles are renowned for their Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system. This isn’t just a marketing term; it describes a core mechanical design where power is continuously sent to all four wheels.
Unlike some part-time AWD systems that only engage when slip is detected, Subaru’s AWD is always active. This consistent power distribution provides excellent traction and stability, which owners love.
The system involves a complex network of differentials, a transfer case, and a transmission working in harmony. Each component relies on proper lubrication to function correctly and prevent overheating.
When you tow a vehicle, especially with only two wheels on the ground, some drivetrain components can spin without the necessary lubrication. This lack of fluid circulation quickly generates excessive heat.
Heat is the enemy of transmissions and differentials. It breaks down fluid, scorches seals, and warps internal components, leading to catastrophic failure.
Can You Tow A Subaru Behind An Rv? – The Mechanical Realities
For most modern Subaru models, especially those equipped with automatic transmissions or their Lineartronic Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT), the answer to flat towing (four wheels down) is generally no. The Symmetrical AWD system simply isn’t designed for it.
The owner’s manual for your specific Subaru model and year is the definitive source. Always check it thoroughly. It will clearly state whether flat towing is permissible or what restrictions apply.
Subaru’s drivetrain components, particularly the automatic transmission and CVT, require the engine to be running for proper lubrication. When the vehicle is towed with the engine off, the internal pump that circulates transmission fluid doesn’t operate.
This means critical bearings, gears, and clutches receive no lubrication, even if the wheels are spinning. The resulting friction and heat can quickly destroy these expensive parts.
Some older Subaru models with manual transmissions used to be approved for flat towing, often with specific speed or distance limitations. However, even these allowances have largely disappeared in newer models.
Relying on outdated information or anecdotal advice can lead to significant mechanical damage and costly repairs. Always prioritize the manufacturer’s guidelines.
Towing Methods for Subaru Vehicles: Flat Towing, Dolly, and Trailer
Understanding the different towing methods is crucial for protecting your Subaru. Each method has distinct implications for an AWD vehicle.
Flat Towing (Four Wheels Down)
This method involves attaching a tow bar to the front of your Subaru and pulling it directly behind your RV, with all four of the Subaru’s wheels on the ground. For almost all modern Subarus, this is strictly forbidden by the manufacturer.
The AWD system simply cannot handle the stresses of flat towing without the engine running to provide lubrication. Attempting to flat tow a modern Subaru will almost certainly result in serious drivetrain damage.
Dolly Towing (Two Wheels Up)
Dolly towing involves placing two of the vehicle’s wheels onto a specialized trailer (a tow dolly) while the other two wheels remain on the ground. For an AWD Subaru, this method is also generally not suitable.
If you place the front wheels on the dolly, the rear wheels are still on the ground and spinning. This causes the rear differential and potentially the transfer case to operate without proper lubrication. If you place the rear wheels on the dolly, the front wheels are spinning, leading to similar issues with the front differential and transmission.
Dolly towing is typically only safe for front-wheel drive (FWD) vehicles where the drive wheels are lifted, or for rear-wheel drive (RWD) vehicles where the drive wheels are lifted, and the driveshaft is disconnected.
For a Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD system, neither configuration is mechanically sound without significant modifications that are not practical for casual RV towing.
Trailer Towing (Four Wheels Up)
This is the universally recommended and safest method for towing any Subaru behind an RV. A full flatbed trailer lifts all four of your Subaru’s wheels completely off the ground.
When all four wheels are off the ground, no part of the Subaru’s drivetrain is spinning. This means there is no risk of lubrication starvation or overheating. Your Subaru is simply cargo on a platform.
This method requires a robust flatbed trailer with adequate weight capacity and proper tie-down points. Your RV must also have the towing capacity to handle the combined weight of the trailer and your Subaru.
Here’s a quick comparison of common towing methods:
| Towing Method | Suitability for Subaru AWD | Risk of Damage |
|---|---|---|
| Flat Towing (4 Wheels Down) | Not Recommended (Modern) | Very High |
| Dolly Towing (2 Wheels Up) | Not Recommended | High |
| Trailer Towing (4 Wheels Up) | Recommended | Very Low |
Specific Subaru Models: What the Manual Says
Every Subaru owner’s manual contains a section on recreational towing or dinghy towing. This section provides precise instructions and limitations for your specific vehicle.
For example, models like the Outback, Forester, Crosstrek, and Ascent, especially those from recent model years with CVTs, are generally not approved for flat towing. Their intricate transmissions are simply not built for it.
Some older manual transmission Subaru models, typically pre-2016, might have had specific instructions for flat towing, such as engaging neutral and adhering to strict speed and distance limits (e.g., 55 mph max, 50 miles per day). These allowances are rare now.
Do not assume that because an older model was towable, a newer one is. Subaru continuously refines its drivetrains, and towing compatibility changes.
Always consult the physical owner’s manual that came with your vehicle. If you’ve misplaced it, you can usually find a digital copy on Subaru’s official website by entering your VIN.
Ignoring these specific manufacturer guidelines can lead to expensive repairs that are not covered under warranty.
| Subaru Model Type | Typical Towing Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Modern CVT (e.g., 2017+ Outback, Forester) | Trailer Towing Only |
| Modern Automatic (non-CVT) | Trailer Towing Only |
| Older Manual Transmission (pre-2016, check manual) | Trailer Towing, some may allow limited Flat Towing |
Essential Pre-Towing Checks and Safety Measures
Regardless of how you tow, safety is paramount. When using a flatbed trailer, a few critical checks ensure a smooth and safe journey.
- Trailer Capacity: Confirm your trailer’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) exceeds the weight of your Subaru. Also, ensure your RV’s towing capacity can handle the trailer plus the Subaru.
- Tire Condition: Check tire pressure on your RV, the trailer, and your Subaru. Proper inflation is vital for stability and safety.
- Brakes: Ensure the trailer has functional brakes, especially if the combined weight of the trailer and Subaru exceeds 1,500 pounds, as required by many state Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations. Test them before hitting the road.
- Lights: Verify all trailer lights—brake lights, turn signals, and running lights—are operational and synchronized with your RV.
- Safety Chains: Attach safety chains securely between the RV and the trailer, crossing them under the trailer tongue. This prevents the trailer from separating if the hitch fails.
- Load Distribution: Position your Subaru on the trailer to achieve proper tongue weight. Too much or too little tongue weight can cause dangerous swaying.
- Securement: Use heavy-duty tie-down straps at all four corners of your Subaru, securing it to the trailer frame. Avoid tying down to suspension components that could allow movement.
- Breakaway System: Many states require a breakaway system on trailers over a certain weight. This system applies the trailer brakes automatically if it separates from the tow vehicle.
- Practice: Take some time to practice driving, turning, and backing up with the loaded trailer in a safe, open area. This builds confidence and familiarity.
Protecting Your Subaru: Warranty, Regulations, and Best Practices
Your Subaru represents a significant investment. Protecting it during towing involves understanding both mechanical limitations and legal considerations.
Improper towing methods, particularly flat towing or dolly towing an unapproved Subaru, will void your powertrain warranty. Subaru’s warranty terms are clear on what constitutes misuse or damage from unauthorized modifications or towing procedures.
State and federal regulations govern towing. The Department of Transportation (DOT) sets standards for trailer lighting, braking, and overall vehicle safety. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) are critical figures found on your RV’s door jamb sticker; never exceed these limits.
Your state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) outlines requirements for trailer registration, licensing, and specific equipment like safety chains and mirrors. Familiarize yourself with these rules for your home state and any states you plan to travel through.
Always confirm your insurance policy covers your Subaru while it is being towed on a trailer. Some policies might have specific clauses or require additional coverage for towed vehicles.
Regular maintenance of your trailer is just as important as maintaining your Subaru. Check trailer tires for wear and proper inflation, inspect wheel bearings, and test all lights and electrical connections before each trip. A well-maintained trailer ensures both your safety and the safety of your Subaru.
Can You Tow A Subaru Behind An Rv? — FAQs
What is Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive and why does it affect towing?
Subaru’s Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system continuously sends power to all four wheels through a complex drivetrain. When towed with two wheels on the ground, critical components like the transmission and differentials spin without the engine-driven lubrication pump operating. This lack of lubrication causes severe overheating and damage to internal parts.
Can I flat tow an older, manual transmission Subaru?
While some older manual transmission Subaru models (typically pre-2016) had specific, limited provisions for flat towing, this is rare for modern vehicles. Always consult your specific vehicle’s owner’s manual for definitive guidance. Do not assume older rules apply to newer models, as drivetrain designs have changed significantly.
Is dolly towing an option for my Subaru?
Dolly towing is generally not a safe or recommended option for any Subaru with Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive. Whether you lift the front or rear wheels, the remaining wheels on the ground will cause part of the AWD system to rotate unlubricated. This leads to the same risk of severe mechanical damage as flat towing.
What’s the safest way to tow any Subaru behind an RV?
The safest and most recommended method for towing any Subaru behind an RV is using a flatbed trailer. This lifts all four wheels completely off the ground, ensuring no drivetrain components are spinning. This eliminates any risk of lubrication issues or mechanical damage to your Subaru’s AWD system.
Will improper towing damage my Subaru’s warranty?
Yes, attempting to tow your Subaru using methods not approved by the manufacturer, such as flat towing or dolly towing an unapproved model, will almost certainly void your powertrain warranty. Subaru’s warranty explicitly excludes damage caused by misuse or unauthorized towing procedures. Always follow the guidelines in your owner’s manual.
Certification: BSc in Mechanical Engineering
Education: Mechanical engineer
Lives In: 539 W Commerce St, Dallas, TX 75208, USA
Md Amir is an auto mechanic student and writer with over half a decade of experience in the automotive field. He has worked with top automotive brands such as Lexus, Quantum, and also owns two automotive blogs autocarneed.com and taxiwiz.com.